Shorapani Fortress, Kutaisi

As silent observers of pivotal historical events, ancient Georgian fortresses have remarkably withstood the test of time. Though partially damaged, they continue to emanate a sense of majesty and fortitude. The Shorapani fortress is a compelling example of this enduring legacy. As per the accounts of celebrated ancient historians Procopius of Caesarea and Strabo, its construction dates back to the 3rd to 1st centuries BC and was originally known as Sarapanis. Covering an area of 6000 square meters, it was a formidable citadel, akin to a large city protected by towering, invincible walls.

Over numerous centuries, Shorapani staunchly defended itself against various invasions, becoming a silent spectator to many significant wars between states and empires. For instance, during the war against the Persians under Emperor Justinian, Shorapani served as a crucial strategic point. Moreover, in the early Middle Ages, it held the status of the capital of the principality of Argveti.

The Shorapani fortress was well-equipped, boasting a water supply system and an array of structures, including residential and agricultural buildings, temples, shops, libraries, and even a prison. The city offered travelers and merchants a range of services such as food, transportation, temporary lodging, marketplaces, blacksmith shops, essential commodities, and more.

Strategically situated at the junction of the Quirila and Dzirila rivers, Shorapani also functioned as a port and a customs office. Accessible by both river and land routes from the east and the west, its geographical position rendered it a significant link between these two hemispheres. The fact that it was located along the route of the Great Silk Road only amplified its importance.

The late Middle Ages marked the beginning of a period of decline and decay for the Shorapani fortress, as the 18th century saw other cities rise to prominence in Georgian political affairs. Today, Shorapani remains relatively unknown, often overlooked by typical tourist itineraries. However, this underappreciated fortress holds significant importance in the history of the ancient Georgian state. A visit to its walls lets you experience the might and splendor of this historical architectural relic firsthand. You can also appreciate the breathtaking views of the scenic valley and the confluence of two rivers. Make sure to ascend as high as possible, and you'll be rewarded with vistas that were once beheld by generals and illustrious rulers of formidable ancient kingdoms.